CVEdetails.com the ultimate security vulnerability data source
(e.g.: CVE-2009-1234 or 2010-1234 or 20101234)
Log In   Register
  Take a third party risk management course for FREE
Vulnerability Feeds & WidgetsNew   

Security Vulnerabilities Published In 2019(Execute Code)

CVSS Scores Greater Than: 0   1   2   3   4   5   6   7   8   9  
Press ESC to close
# CVE ID CWE ID # of Exploits Vulnerability Type(s) Publish Date Update Date Score Gained Access Level Access Complexity Authentication Conf. Integ. Avail.
1 CVE-2019-1010309 Exec Code Dir. Trav. 2019-07-12 2019-07-12
0.0
 None ??? ??? ??? ??? ??? ???
pacman prior to version 5.1.3 is affected by: Directory Traversal. The impact is: arbitrary file placement potentially leading to arbitrary root code execution. The component is: installing a remote package via a specified URL "pacman -U <url>". The problem was located in function curl_download_internal in lib/libalpm/dload.c line 535. The attack vector is: the victim must install a remote package via a specified URL from a malicious server (or a network MitM if downloading over HTTP). The fixed version is: 5.1.3 via commit 9702703633bec2c007730006de2aeec8587dfc84.
2 CVE-2019-1010306 502 Exec Code 2019-07-15 2020-08-24
7.5
 None Remote Low Not required Partial Partial Partial
Slanger 0.6.0 is affected by: Remote Code Execution (RCE). The impact is: A remote attacker can execute arbitrary commands by sending a crafted request to the server. The component is: Message handler & request validator. The attack vector is: Remote unauthenticated. The fixed version is: after commit 5267b455caeb2e055cccf0d2b6a22727c111f5c3.
3 CVE-2019-1010298 119 Exec Code Overflow 2019-07-15 2021-07-21
10.0
 None Remote Low Not required Complete Complete Complete
Linaro/OP-TEE OP-TEE 3.3.0 and earlier is affected by: Buffer Overflow. The impact is: Code execution in the context of TEE core (kernel). The component is: optee_os. The fixed version is: 3.4.0 and later.
4 CVE-2019-1010297 119 Exec Code Overflow 2019-07-15 2021-07-21
10.0
 None Remote Low Not required Complete Complete Complete
Linaro/OP-TEE OP-TEE 3.3.0 and earlier is affected by: Buffer Overflow. The impact is: Execution of code in TEE core (kernel) context. The component is: optee_os. The fixed version is: 3.4.0 and later.
5 CVE-2019-1010296 119 Exec Code Overflow 2019-07-15 2021-07-21
10.0
 None Remote Low Not required Complete Complete Complete
Linaro/OP-TEE OP-TEE 3.3.0 and earlier is affected by: Buffer Overflow. The impact is: Code execution in context of TEE core (kernel). The component is: optee_os. The fixed version is: 3.4.0 and later.
6 CVE-2019-1010287 79 Exec Code XSS 2019-07-17 2019-07-22
4.3
 None Remote Medium Not required None Partial None
Timesheet Next Gen 1.5.3 and earlier is affected by: Cross Site Scripting (XSS). The impact is: Allows an attacker to execute arbitrary HTML and JavaScript code via a "redirect" parameter. The component is: Web login form: login.php, lines 40 and 54. The attack vector is: reflected XSS, victim may click the malicious url.
7 CVE-2019-1010260 319 Exec Code 2019-04-02 2020-08-24
9.3
 None Remote Medium Not required Complete Complete Complete
Using ktlint to download and execute custom rulesets can result in arbitrary code execution as the served jars can be compromised by a MITM. This attack is exploitable via Man in the Middle of the HTTP connection to the artifact servers. This vulnerability appears to have been fixed in 0.30.0 and later; after commit 5e547b287d6c260d328a2cb658dbe6b7a7ff2261.
8 CVE-2019-1010245 20 Exec Code 2019-07-19 2021-07-21
7.5
 None Remote Low Not required Partial Partial Partial
The Linux Foundation ONOS SDN Controller 1.15 and earlier versions is affected by: Improper Input Validation. The impact is: A remote attacker can execute arbitrary commands on the controller. The component is: apps/yang/src/main/java/org/onosproject/yang/impl/YangLiveCompilerManager.java. The attack vector is: network connectivity. The fixed version is: 1.15.
9 CVE-2019-1010238 787 Exec Code Overflow 2019-07-19 2022-04-12
7.5
 None Remote Low Not required Partial Partial Partial
Gnome Pango 1.42 and later is affected by: Buffer Overflow. The impact is: The heap based buffer overflow can be used to get code execution. The component is: function name: pango_log2vis_get_embedding_levels, assignment of nchars and the loop condition. The attack vector is: Bug can be used when application pass invalid utf-8 strings to functions like pango_itemize.
10 CVE-2019-1010237 79 Exec Code XSS 2019-07-22 2019-10-09
4.3
 None Remote Medium Not required None Partial None
Ilias 5.3 before 5.3.12; 5.2 before 5.2.21 is affected by: Cross Site Scripting (XSS) - CWE-79 Type 2: Stored XSS (or Persistent). The impact is: Execute code in the victim's browser. The component is: Assessment / TestQuestionPool. The attack vector is: Cloze Test Text gap (attacker) / Corrections view (victim). The fixed version is: 5.3.12.
11 CVE-2019-1010234 20 Exec Code 2019-07-22 2019-07-25
7.5
 None Remote Low Not required Partial Partial Partial
The Linux Foundation ONOS 1.15.0 and ealier is affected by: Improper Input Validation. The impact is: The attacker can remotely execute any commands by sending malicious http request to the controller. The component is: Method runJavaCompiler in YangLiveCompilerManager.java. The attack vector is: network connectivity.
12 CVE-2019-1010228 787 DoS Exec Code Overflow 2019-07-22 2022-04-18
7.5
 None Remote Low Not required Partial Partial Partial
OFFIS.de DCMTK 3.6.3 and below is affected by: Buffer Overflow. The impact is: Possible code execution and confirmed Denial of Service. The component is: DcmRLEDecoder::decompress() (file dcrledec.h, line 122). The attack vector is: Many scenarios of DICOM file processing (e.g. DICOM to image conversion). The fixed version is: 3.6.4, after commit 40917614e.
13 CVE-2019-1010208 119 Exec Code Overflow 2019-07-23 2019-08-05
2.1
 None Local Low Not required Partial None None
IDRIX, Truecrypt Veracrypt, Truecrypt Prior to 1.23-Hotfix-1 (Veracrypt), all versions (Truecrypt) is affected by: Buffer Overflow. The impact is: Minor information disclosure of kernel stack. The component is: Veracrypt NT Driver (veracrypt.sys). The attack vector is: Locally executed code, IOCTL request to driver. The fixed version is: 1.23-Hotfix-1.
14 CVE-2019-1010200 78 Exec Code 2019-07-23 2019-10-09
10.0
 None Remote Low Not required Complete Complete Complete
Voice Builder Prior to commit c145d4604df67e6fc625992412eef0bf9a85e26b and f6660e6d8f0d1d931359d591dbdec580fef36d36 is affected by: CWE-78: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection'). The impact is: Remote code execution with the same privileges as the servers. The component is: Two web servers in the projects expose three vulnerable endpoints that can be accessed remotely. The endpoints are defined at: - /tts: https://github.com/google/voice-builder/blob/3a449a3e8d5100ff323161c89b897f6d5ccdb6f9/merlin_model_server/api.js#L34 - /alignment: https://github.com/google/voice-builder/blob/3a449a3e8d5100ff323161c89b897f6d5ccdb6f9/festival_model_server/api.js#L28 - /tts: https://github.com/google/voice-builder/blob/3a449a3e8d5100ff323161c89b897f6d5ccdb6f9/festival_model_server/api.js#L65. The attack vector is: Attacker sends a GET request to the vulnerable endpoint with a specially formatted query parameter. The fixed version is: After commit f6660e6d8f0d1d931359d591dbdec580fef36d36.
15 CVE-2019-1010180 119 Exec Code Overflow 2019-07-24 2021-07-21
6.8
 None Remote Medium Not required Partial Partial Partial
GNU gdb All versions is affected by: Buffer Overflow - Out of bound memory access. The impact is: Deny of Service, Memory Disclosure, and Possible Code Execution. The component is: The main gdb module. The attack vector is: Open an ELF for debugging. The fixed version is: Not fixed yet.
16 CVE-2019-1010179 78 Exec Code 2019-07-24 2020-08-24
7.5
 None Remote Low Not required Partial Partial Partial
PHKP including commit 88fd9cfdf14ea4b6ac3e3967feea7bcaabb6f03b is affected by: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection'). The impact is: It is possible to manipulate gpg-keys or execute commands remotely. The component is: function pgp_exec() phkp.php:98. The attack vector is: HKP-Api: /pks/lookup?search.
17 CVE-2019-1010178 269 Exec Code 2019-07-24 2020-09-30
7.5
 None Remote Low Not required Partial Partial Partial
Fred MODX Revolution < 1.0.0-beta5 is affected by: Incorrect Access Control - CWE-648. The impact is: Remote Code Execution. The component is: assets/components/fred/web/elfinder/connector.php. The attack vector is: Uploading a PHP file or change data in the database. The fixed version is: https://github.com/modxcms/fred/commit/139cefac83b2ead90da23187d92739dec79d3ccd and https://github.com/modxcms/fred/commit/01f0a3d1ae7f3970639c2a0db1887beba0065246.
18 CVE-2019-1010177 416 DoS Exec Code 2019-07-24 2019-08-01
7.5
 None Remote Low Not required Partial Partial Partial
Jsish 2.4.70 2.047 is affected by: Use After Free. The impact is: denial of service and possibly arbitrary code execution. The component is: function Jsi_RegExpNew (jsi/jsiRegexp.c:39). The attack vector is: executing crafted javascript code. The fixed version is: after commit 48a66c798d.
19 CVE-2019-1010176 119 DoS Exec Code Overflow 2019-07-25 2021-07-21
7.5
 None Remote Low Not required Partial Partial Partial
JerryScript commit 4e58ccf68070671e1fff5cd6673f0c1d5b80b166 is affected by: Buffer Overflow. The impact is: denial of service and possibly arbitrary code execution. The component is: function lit_char_to_utf8_bytes (jerry-core/lit/lit-char-helpers.c:377). The attack vector is: executing crafted javascript code. The fixed version is: after commit 505dace719aebb3308a3af223cfaa985159efae0.
20 CVE-2019-1010163 119 DoS Exec Code Overflow 2019-07-24 2021-07-21
7.2
 None Local Low Not required Complete Complete Complete
Socusoft Co Photo 2 Video Converter 8.0.0 is affected by: Buffer Overflow - Local shell-code execution and Denial of Service. The impact is: Local privilege escalation (dependant upon conditions), shell code execution and denial-of-service. The component is: pdmlog.dll library. The attack vector is: The attacker must have access to local system (either directly, or remotley).
21 CVE-2019-1010162 476 DoS Exec Code 2019-07-23 2019-10-09
4.3
 None Remote Medium Not required None None Partial
jsish 2.4.74 2.0474 is affected by: CWE-476: NULL Pointer Dereference. The impact is: denial of service. The component is: function Jsi_StrcmpDict (jsiChar.c:121). The attack vector is: The victim must execute crafted javascript code. The fixed version is: 2.4.77.
22 CVE-2019-1010152 20 Exec Code 2019-07-23 2021-07-21
7.5
 None Remote Low Not required Partial Partial Partial
zzcms 8.3 and earlier is affected by: File Delete to Code Execution. The impact is: getshell. The component is: user/manage.php line 31-80.
23 CVE-2019-1010150 20 Exec Code 2019-07-23 2021-07-21
7.5
 None Remote Low Not required Partial Partial Partial
zzcms 8.3 and earlier is affected by: File Delete to Code Execution. The impact is: getshell. The component is: /user/zssave.php.
24 CVE-2019-1010149 20 Exec Code 2019-07-23 2021-07-21
7.5
 None Remote Low Not required Partial Partial Partial
zzcms version 8.3 and earlier is affected by: File Delete to Code Execution. The impact is: zzcms File Delete to Code Execution. The component is: user/licence_save.php.
25 CVE-2019-1010148 89 Exec Code Sql 2019-07-23 2019-07-24
7.5
 None Remote Low Not required Partial Partial Partial
zzcms version 8.3 and earlier is affected by: SQL Injection. The impact is: zzcms File Delete to Code Execution.
26 CVE-2019-1010129 416 DoS Exec Code 2019-07-23 2019-07-25
6.8
 None Remote Medium Not required Partial Partial Partial
VCFTools vcfools prior to version 0.1.15 is affected by: Heap Use-After-Free. The impact is: Denial of Service or possibly unspecified impact (eg. code execution or information disclosure). The component is: The header::add_FILTER_descriptor method in header.cpp. The attack vector is: The victim must open a specially crafted VCF file.
27 CVE-2019-1010127 416 DoS Exec Code 2019-07-25 2019-07-30
6.8
 None Remote Medium Not required Partial Partial Partial
VCFTools vcftools prior to version 0.1.15 is affected by: Use-after-free. The impact is: Denial of Service or possibly other impact (eg. code execution or information disclosure). The component is: The header::add_FILTER_descriptor method in header.cpp. The attack vector is: The victim must open a specially crafted VCF file.
28 CVE-2019-1010101 732 Exec Code 2019-07-19 2020-08-24
7.5
 None Remote Low Not required Partial Partial Partial
Akeo Consulting Rufus 3.0 and earlier is affected by: Insecure Permissions. The impact is: arbitrary code execution with escalation of privilege. The component is: Executable installer, portable executable (ALL executables available). The attack vector is: CWE-29, CWE-377, CWE-379.
29 CVE-2019-1010100 427 Exec Code 2019-07-19 2020-08-24
6.8
 None Remote Medium Not required Partial Partial Partial
Akeo Consulting Rufus 3.0 and earlier is affected by: DLL search order hijacking. The impact is: Arbitrary code execution WITH escalation of privilege. The component is: Executable installers, portable executables (ALL executables on the web site). The attack vector is: CAPEC-471, CWE-426, CWE-427.
30 CVE-2019-1010091 79 Exec Code XSS 2019-07-17 2020-08-04
4.3
 None Remote Medium Not required None Partial None
tinymce 4.7.11, 4.7.12 is affected by: CWE-79: Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation. The impact is: JavaScript code execution. The component is: Media element. The attack vector is: The victim must paste malicious content to media element's embed tab.
31 CVE-2019-1010060 119 Exec Code Overflow 2019-07-16 2019-07-22
7.5
 None Remote Low Not required Partial Partial Partial
NASA CFITSIO prior to 3.43 is affected by: Buffer Overflow. The impact is: arbitrary code execution. The component is: over 40 source code files were changed. The attack vector is: remote unauthenticated attacker. The fixed version is: 3.43. NOTE: this CVE refers to the issues not covered by CVE-2018-3846, CVE-2018-3847, CVE-2018-3848, and CVE-2018-3849. One example is ftp_status in drvrnet.c mishandling a long string beginning with a '4' character.
32 CVE-2019-1010057 787 DoS Exec Code Overflow 2019-07-16 2022-05-03
6.8
 None Remote Medium Not required Partial Partial Partial
nfdump 1.6.16 and earlier is affected by: Buffer Overflow. The impact is: The impact could range from a denial of service to local code execution. The component is: nfx.c:546, nffile_inline.c:83, minilzo.c (redistributed). The attack vector is: nfdump must read and process a specially crafted file. The fixed version is: after commit 9f0fe9563366f62a71d34c92229da3432ec5cf0e.
33 CVE-2019-1010044 119 DoS Exec Code Overflow 2019-07-15 2021-07-21
7.5
 None Remote Low Not required Partial Partial Partial
borg-reducer c6d5240 is affected by: Buffer Overflow. The impact is: Possible code execution and denial of service. The component is: Output parameter within the executable.
34 CVE-2019-1010043 119 DoS Exec Code Overflow 2019-07-16 2021-07-21
7.5
 None Remote Low Not required Partial Partial Partial
Quake3e < 5ed740d is affected by: Buffer Overflow. The impact is: Possible code execution and denial of service. The component is: Argument string creation.
35 CVE-2019-1010039 119 DoS Exec Code Overflow 2019-07-15 2021-07-21
7.5
 None Remote Low Not required Partial Partial Partial
uLaunchELF < commit 170827a is affected by: Buffer Overflow. The impact is: Possible code execution and denial of service. The component is: Loader program (loader.c) overly trusts the arguments provided via command line.
36 CVE-2019-1010038 119 DoS Exec Code Overflow 2019-07-15 2021-07-21
7.5
 None Remote Low Not required Partial Partial Partial
OpenModelica OMCompiler is affected by: Buffer Overflow. The impact is: Possible code execution and denial of service. The component is: OPENMODELICAHOME parameter changeable via environment variable. The attack vector is: Changing an environment variable.
37 CVE-2019-1010023 Exec Code 2019-07-15 2020-11-16
6.8
 None Remote Medium Not required Partial Partial Partial
** DISPUTED ** GNU Libc current is affected by: Re-mapping current loaded library with malicious ELF file. The impact is: In worst case attacker may evaluate privileges. The component is: libld. The attack vector is: Attacker sends 2 ELF files to victim and asks to run ldd on it. ldd execute code. NOTE: Upstream comments indicate "this is being treated as a non-security bug and no real threat."
38 CVE-2019-1010018 79 Exec Code XSS 2019-07-16 2019-10-09
4.3
 None Remote Medium Not required None Partial None
Zammad GmbH Zammad 2.3.0 and earlier is affected by: Cross Site Scripting (XSS) - CWE-80. The impact is: Execute java script code on users browser. The component is: web app. The attack vector is: the victim must open a ticket. The fixed version is: 2.3.1, 2.2.2 and 2.1.3.
39 CVE-2019-1010008 79 Exec Code XSS 2019-07-15 2019-07-18
3.5
 None Remote Medium ??? None Partial None
OpenEnergyMonitor Project Emoncms 9.8.8 is affected by: Cross Site Scripting (XSS). The impact is: Theoretically low, but might potentially enable persistent XSS (user could embed mal. code). The component is: Javascript code execution in "Name", "Location", "Bio" and "Starting Page" fields in the "My Account" page. File: Lib/listjs/list.js, line 67. The attack vector is: unknown, victim must open profile page if persistent was possible.
40 CVE-2019-1010006 787 Exec Code Overflow 2019-07-15 2020-08-24
6.8
 None Remote Medium Not required Partial Partial Partial
Evince 3.26.0 is affected by buffer overflow. The impact is: DOS / Possible code execution. The component is: backend/tiff/tiff-document.c. The attack vector is: Victim must open a crafted PDF file. The issue occurs because of an incorrect integer overflow protection mechanism in tiff_document_render and tiff_document_get_thumbnail.
41 CVE-2019-1010005 79 Exec Code XSS 2019-07-15 2019-07-16
4.3
 None Remote Medium Not required None Partial None
HexoEditor v1.1.8-beta is affected by: XSS to code execution.
42 CVE-2019-1003034 Exec Code Bypass 2019-03-08 2020-09-30
6.5
 None Remote Low ??? Partial Partial Partial
A sandbox bypass vulnerability exists in Jenkins Job DSL Plugin 1.71 and earlier in job-dsl-core/src/main/groovy/javaposse/jobdsl/dsl/AbstractDslScriptLoader.groovy, job-dsl-plugin/build.gradle, job-dsl-plugin/src/main/groovy/javaposse/jobdsl/plugin/JobDslWhitelist.groovy, job-dsl-plugin/src/main/groovy/javaposse/jobdsl/plugin/SandboxDslScriptLoader.groovy that allows attackers with control over Job DSL definitions to execute arbitrary code on the Jenkins master JVM.
43 CVE-2019-1003033 Exec Code Bypass 2019-03-08 2020-09-30
6.5
 None Remote Low ??? Partial Partial Partial
A sandbox bypass vulnerability exists in Jenkins Groovy Plugin 2.1 and earlier in pom.xml, src/main/java/hudson/plugins/groovy/StringScriptSource.java that allows attackers with Overall/Read permission to execute arbitrary code on the Jenkins master JVM.
44 CVE-2019-1003032 Exec Code Bypass 2019-03-08 2020-09-30
6.5
 None Remote Low ??? Partial Partial Partial
A sandbox bypass vulnerability exists in Jenkins Email Extension Plugin 2.64 and earlier in pom.xml, src/main/java/hudson/plugins/emailext/ExtendedEmailPublisher.java, src/main/java/hudson/plugins/emailext/plugins/content/EmailExtScript.java, src/main/java/hudson/plugins/emailext/plugins/content/ScriptContent.java, src/main/java/hudson/plugins/emailext/plugins/trigger/AbstractScriptTrigger.java that allows attackers with Job/Configure permission to execute arbitrary code on the Jenkins master JVM.
45 CVE-2019-1003031 Exec Code Bypass 2019-03-08 2020-09-30
6.5
 None Remote Low ??? Partial Partial Partial
A sandbox bypass vulnerability exists in Jenkins Matrix Project Plugin 1.13 and earlier in pom.xml, src/main/java/hudson/matrix/FilterScript.java that allows attackers with Job/Configure permission to execute arbitrary code on the Jenkins master JVM.
46 CVE-2019-1003030 693 Exec Code Bypass 2019-03-08 2020-10-19
6.5
 None Remote Low ??? Partial Partial Partial
A sandbox bypass vulnerability exists in Jenkins Pipeline: Groovy Plugin 2.63 and earlier in pom.xml, src/main/java/org/jenkinsci/plugins/workflow/cps/CpsGroovyShell.java that allows attackers able to control pipeline scripts to execute arbitrary code on the Jenkins master JVM.
47 CVE-2019-1003029 Exec Code Bypass 2019-03-08 2022-06-13
6.5
 None Remote Low ??? Partial Partial Partial
A sandbox bypass vulnerability exists in Jenkins Script Security Plugin 1.53 and earlier in src/main/java/org/jenkinsci/plugins/scriptsecurity/sandbox/groovy/GroovySandbox.java, src/main/java/org/jenkinsci/plugins/scriptsecurity/sandbox/groovy/SecureGroovyScript.java that allows attackers with Overall/Read permission to execute arbitrary code on the Jenkins master JVM.
48 CVE-2019-1003024 Exec Code Bypass 2019-02-20 2020-09-29
6.5
 None Remote Low ??? Partial Partial Partial
A sandbox bypass vulnerability exists in Jenkins Script Security Plugin 1.52 and earlier in RejectASTTransformsCustomizer.java that allows attackers with Overall/Read permission to provide a Groovy script to an HTTP endpoint that can result in arbitrary code execution on the Jenkins master JVM.
49 CVE-2019-1003008 352 Exec Code CSRF 2019-02-06 2019-10-09
6.8
 None Remote Medium Not required Partial Partial Partial
A cross-site request forgery vulnerability exists in Jenkins Warnings Next Generation Plugin 2.1.1 and earlier in src/main/java/io/jenkins/plugins/analysis/warnings/groovy/GroovyParser.java that allows attackers to execute arbitrary code via a form validation HTTP endpoint.
50 CVE-2019-1003007 352 Exec Code CSRF 2019-02-06 2019-10-09
6.8
 None Remote Medium Not required Partial Partial Partial
A cross-site request forgery vulnerability exists in Jenkins Warnings Plugin 5.0.0 and earlier in src/main/java/hudson/plugins/warnings/GroovyParser.java that allows attackers to execute arbitrary code via a form validation HTTP endpoint.
Total number of vulnerabilities : 3201   Page : 1 (This Page)2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65
CVE is a registred trademark of the MITRE Corporation and the authoritative source of CVE content is MITRE's CVE web site. CWE is a registred trademark of the MITRE Corporation and the authoritative source of CWE content is MITRE's CWE web site. OVAL is a registered trademark of The MITRE Corporation and the authoritative source of OVAL content is MITRE's OVAL web site.
Use of this information constitutes acceptance for use in an AS IS condition. There are NO warranties, implied or otherwise, with regard to this information or its use. Any use of this information is at the user's risk. It is the responsibility of user to evaluate the accuracy, completeness or usefulness of any information, opinion, advice or other content. EACH USER WILL BE SOLELY RESPONSIBLE FOR ANY consequences of his or her direct or indirect use of this web site. ALL WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND ARE EXPRESSLY DISCLAIMED. This site will NOT BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT or any other kind of loss.