A flaw was found in grub2 in versions prior to 2.06. Setparam_prefix() in the menu rendering code performs a length calculation on the assumption that expressing a quoted single quote will require 3 characters, while it actually requires 4 characters which allows an attacker to corrupt memory by one byte for each quote in the input. The highest threat from this vulnerability is to data confidentiality and integrity as well as system availability.
Max CVSS
8.2
EPSS Score
0.04%
Published
2021-03-03
Updated
2022-04-18
A flaw was found in grub2 in versions prior to 2.06. The option parser allows an attacker to write past the end of a heap-allocated buffer by calling certain commands with a large number of specific short forms of options. The highest threat from this vulnerability is to data confidentiality and integrity as well as system availability.
Max CVSS
7.2
EPSS Score
0.04%
Published
2021-03-03
Updated
2022-04-18

CVE-2021-4034

Known exploited
Public exploit
A local privilege escalation vulnerability was found on polkit's pkexec utility. The pkexec application is a setuid tool designed to allow unprivileged users to run commands as privileged users according predefined policies. The current version of pkexec doesn't handle the calling parameters count correctly and ends trying to execute environment variables as commands. An attacker can leverage this by crafting environment variables in such a way it'll induce pkexec to execute arbitrary code. When successfully executed the attack can cause a local privilege escalation given unprivileged users administrative rights on the target machine.
Max CVSS
7.8
EPSS Score
0.05%
Published
2022-01-28
Updated
2023-10-18
CISA KEV Added
2022-06-27
A flaw was found in grub2 in versions prior to 2.06. The cutmem command does not honor secure boot locking allowing an privileged attacker to remove address ranges from memory creating an opportunity to circumvent SecureBoot protections after proper triage about grub's memory layout. The highest threat from this vulnerability is to data confidentiality and integrity as well as system availability.
Max CVSS
7.5
EPSS Score
0.04%
Published
2021-03-03
Updated
2022-10-21
A flaw was found in grub2 in versions prior to 2.06. Variable names present are expanded in the supplied command line into their corresponding variable contents, using a 1kB stack buffer for temporary storage, without sufficient bounds checking. If the function is called with a command line that references a variable with a sufficiently large payload, it is possible to overflow the stack buffer, corrupt the stack frame and control execution which could also circumvent Secure Boot protections. The highest threat from this vulnerability is to data confidentiality and integrity as well as system availability.
Max CVSS
7.2
EPSS Score
0.04%
Published
2021-03-03
Updated
2022-05-13
A flaw was found in grub2 in versions prior to 2.06. During USB device initialization, descriptors are read with very little bounds checking and assumes the USB device is providing sane values. If properly exploited, an attacker could trigger memory corruption leading to arbitrary code execution allowing a bypass of the Secure Boot mechanism. The highest threat from this vulnerability is to data confidentiality and integrity as well as system availability.
Max CVSS
7.6
EPSS Score
0.20%
Published
2021-03-03
Updated
2022-05-13
A flaw was found in grub2 in versions prior to 2.06. The rmmod implementation allows the unloading of a module used as a dependency without checking if any other dependent module is still loaded leading to a use-after-free scenario. This could allow arbitrary code to be executed or a bypass of Secure Boot protections. The highest threat from this vulnerability is to data confidentiality and integrity as well as system availability.
Max CVSS
8.2
EPSS Score
0.04%
Published
2021-03-03
Updated
2022-05-13
A flaw was found in grub2 in versions prior to 2.06, where it incorrectly enables the usage of the ACPI command when Secure Boot is enabled. This flaw allows an attacker with privileged access to craft a Secondary System Description Table (SSDT) containing code to overwrite the Linux kernel lockdown variable content directly into memory. The table is further loaded and executed by the kernel, defeating its Secure Boot lockdown and allowing the attacker to load unsigned code. The highest threat from this vulnerability is to data confidentiality and integrity, as well as system availability.
Max CVSS
7.5
EPSS Score
0.05%
Published
2021-03-03
Updated
2022-07-22
A flaw was found in ghostscript, versions 9.x before 9.50, in the setsystemparams procedure where it did not properly secure its privileged calls, enabling scripts to bypass `-dSAFER` restrictions. A specially crafted PostScript file could disable security protection and then have access to the file system, or execute arbitrary commands.
Max CVSS
9.8
EPSS Score
0.71%
Published
2019-09-06
Updated
2020-10-16
In ghostscript before version 9.50, the .buildfont1 procedure did not properly secure its privileged calls, enabling scripts to bypass `-dSAFER` restrictions. An attacker could abuse this flaw by creating a specially crafted PostScript file that could escalate privileges and access files outside of restricted areas.
Max CVSS
7.8
EPSS Score
0.10%
Published
2019-11-27
Updated
2020-09-30
It was found that icedtea-web though 1.7.2 and 1.8.2 did not properly sanitize paths from <jar/> elements in JNLP files. An attacker could trick a victim into running a specially crafted application and use this flaw to upload arbitrary files to arbitrary locations in the context of the user.
Max CVSS
8.2
EPSS Score
0.23%
Published
2019-07-31
Updated
2023-02-12
It was found that the fix for CVE-2018-14648 in 389-ds-base, versions 1.4.0.x before 1.4.0.17, was incorrectly applied in RHEL 7.5. An attacker would still be able to provoke excessive CPU consumption leading to a denial of service.
Max CVSS
7.8
EPSS Score
0.09%
Published
2019-08-02
Updated
2022-11-30
The virConnectBaselineHypervisorCPU() and virConnectCompareHypervisorCPU() libvirt APIs, 4.x.x before 4.10.1 and 5.x.x before 5.4.1, accept an "emulator" argument to specify the program providing emulation for a domain. Since v1.2.19, libvirt will execute that program to probe the domain's capabilities. Read-only clients could specify an arbitrary path for this argument, causing libvirtd to execute a crafted executable with its own privileges.
Max CVSS
8.8
EPSS Score
0.04%
Published
2019-08-02
Updated
2020-10-15
The virConnectGetDomainCapabilities() libvirt API, versions 4.x.x before 4.10.1 and 5.x.x before 5.4.1, accepts an "emulatorbin" argument to specify the program providing emulation for a domain. Since v1.2.19, libvirt will execute that program to probe the domain's capabilities. Read-only clients could specify an arbitrary path for this argument, causing libvirtd to execute a crafted executable with its own privileges.
Max CVSS
8.8
EPSS Score
0.04%
Published
2019-08-02
Updated
2020-10-15
It was discovered that libvirtd, versions 4.x.x before 4.10.1 and 5.x.x before 5.4.1, would permit readonly clients to use the virDomainManagedSaveDefineXML() API, which would permit them to modify managed save state files. If a managed save had already been created by a privileged user, a local attacker could modify this file such that libvirtd would execute an arbitrary program when the domain was resumed.
Max CVSS
7.8
EPSS Score
0.04%
Published
2019-08-02
Updated
2020-10-15
urllib in Python 2.x through 2.7.16 supports the local_file: scheme, which makes it easier for remote attackers to bypass protection mechanisms that blacklist file: URIs, as demonstrated by triggering a urllib.urlopen('local_file:///etc/passwd') call.
Max CVSS
9.1
EPSS Score
0.46%
Published
2019-03-23
Updated
2022-06-30
Python 2.7.x through 2.7.16 and 3.x through 3.7.2 is affected by: Improper Handling of Unicode Encoding (with an incorrect netloc) during NFKC normalization. The impact is: Information disclosure (credentials, cookies, etc. that are cached against a given hostname). The components are: urllib.parse.urlsplit, urllib.parse.urlparse. The attack vector is: A specially crafted URL could be incorrectly parsed to locate cookies or authentication data and send that information to a different host than when parsed correctly. This is fixed in: v2.7.17, v2.7.17rc1, v2.7.18, v2.7.18rc1; v3.5.10, v3.5.10rc1, v3.5.7, v3.5.8, v3.5.8rc1, v3.5.8rc2, v3.5.9; v3.6.10, v3.6.10rc1, v3.6.11, v3.6.11rc1, v3.6.12, v3.6.9, v3.6.9rc1; v3.7.3, v3.7.3rc1, v3.7.4, v3.7.4rc1, v3.7.4rc2, v3.7.5, v3.7.5rc1, v3.7.6, v3.7.6rc1, v3.7.7, v3.7.7rc1, v3.7.8, v3.7.8rc1, v3.7.9.
Max CVSS
9.8
EPSS Score
0.72%
Published
2019-03-08
Updated
2022-07-25
Flatpak before 1.0.7, and 1.1.x and 1.2.x before 1.2.3, exposes /proc in the apply_extra script sandbox, which allows attackers to modify a host-side executable file.
Max CVSS
8.2
EPSS Score
0.05%
Published
2019-02-12
Updated
2020-08-24
The KVM implementation in the Linux kernel through 4.20.5 has a Use-after-Free.
Max CVSS
7.8
EPSS Score
0.13%
Published
2019-03-21
Updated
2020-10-15
In the Linux kernel before 4.20.8, kvm_ioctl_create_device in virt/kvm/kvm_main.c mishandles reference counting because of a race condition, leading to a use-after-free.
Max CVSS
8.1
EPSS Score
4.87%
Published
2019-02-15
Updated
2023-05-16
In Artifex Ghostscript through 9.26, ephemeral or transient procedures can allow access to system operators, leading to remote code execution.
Max CVSS
7.8
EPSS Score
1.33%
Published
2019-03-21
Updated
2023-03-01

CVE-2019-5544

Known exploited
Used for ransomware
OpenSLP as used in ESXi and the Horizon DaaS appliances has a heap overwrite issue. VMware has evaluated the severity of this issue to be in the Critical severity range with a maximum CVSSv3 base score of 9.8.
Max CVSS
9.8
EPSS Score
4.19%
Published
2019-12-06
Updated
2022-02-03
CISA KEV Added
2021-11-03
A vulnerability was found in mod_auth_mellon before v0.14.2. If Apache is configured as a reverse proxy and mod_auth_mellon is configured to only let through authenticated users (with the require valid-user directive), adding special HTTP headers that are normally used to start the special SAML ECP (non-browser based) can be used to bypass authentication.
Max CVSS
8.1
EPSS Score
1.76%
Published
2019-03-26
Updated
2019-05-07
A flaw was found in libssh2 before 1.8.1. A server could send a multiple keyboard interactive response messages whose total length are greater than unsigned char max characters. This value is used as an index to copy memory causing in an out of bounds memory write error.
Max CVSS
8.8
EPSS Score
0.52%
Published
2019-03-25
Updated
2019-05-14
An integer overflow flaw which could lead to an out of bounds write was discovered in libssh2 before 1.8.1 in the way SSH_MSG_CHANNEL_REQUEST packets with an exit signal are parsed. A remote attacker who compromises a SSH server may be able to execute code on the client system when a user connects to the server.
Max CVSS
8.8
EPSS Score
0.33%
Published
2019-03-25
Updated
2020-10-15
428 vulnerabilities found
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